What is Bangladesh's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Buildings
Building energy consumption in Bangladesh has been steadily increasing since 1990. Building sector in Bangladesh consumes 55% of total energy, with the residential sector accounting for 40% of electricity consumption.1,2 1.5°C compatible pathways show an increase in the share of electricity in the buildings energy mix from 23% in 2019 to 86-89% by 2050 under different scenarios. All scenarios see a rapid decline in direct CO₂ emissions from the building sector and reach zero by 2050, for some scenarios, mostly driven by an increased penetration of a decarbonised electricity (see our analysis of the power sector in Bangladesh) in the energy mix and increased energy efficiency.
Bangladesh's energy mix in the buildings sector
petajoule per year
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the buildings sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC SR1.5 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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Biomass is an important energy source in building energy demand particularly for cooking, where 50% of energy demand was met with biomass in 2019. All scenarios see a rapid decline in biomass demand reaching 3-22% by 2050, depending on the scenario.
In 2020, Bangladesh published its National Building Code and has laid out laws for building design and construction including energy and resource efficiency standards for the construction of new buildings.3 This code also aims to reduce the overall energy consumption in the buildings sector through energy efficient appliances. In its updated NDC Bangladesh has included the enhancement of use of energy efficient appliances in residential and commercial buildings as one of the measures to be implemented in meeting its NDC . Bangladesh aims to reduce emissions from the buildings sector by 5% and 12% (commercial and households buildings respectively) from 2030 BAU emissions level. Bangladesh has the largest solar home programme in the world, which enables 20 million homes (16% of rural population) access to electricity.4
Bangladesh's buildings sector direct CO₂ emissions (of energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the buildings sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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1.5°C compatible buildings sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions and shares of electricity, heat and hydrogen in the buildings final energy demand from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Bangladesh
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
Decarbonised buildings sector by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
10
|
4 to
5
|
0 to
3
|
0 to
0
|
2033 to
2043
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
-58 to
-49%
|
-98 to
-65%
|
-100 to
-99%
|
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
per cent
|
23
|
47 to
77
|
75 to
76
|
86 to
89
|
|
Share of heat
per cent
|
0
|
0 to
1
|
1 to
1
|
1 to
1
|
|
Share of hydrogen
per cent
|
0
|
0 to
1
|
1 to
12
|
1 to
12
|
All values are rounded. Only direct CO₂ emissions are considered (electricity, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here; see power sector for emissions from electricity generation). Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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