What is Egypt's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Industry
In Egypt, industry process emissions and energy-related CO₂ emissions from industry each accounted for about 11% and 12% respectively of total emissions in 2019. Energy-related emissions have fluctuated but have overall increased by 47% from 1990 to 2019. Process-related emissions have steadily increased, more than tripling over the same period. The largest industry sectors in Egypt include textiles, food processing and chemicals. The cement industry is the largest contributor to industry emissions in Egypt and was identified as the most attractive sector for mitigation efforts in the industry sector given its size and competitiveness.
Egypt's energy mix in the industry sector
petajoule per year
Fuel share provided refers to energy demand only from the industry sector.
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the industry sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC SR1.5 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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Energy-related emissions from Egypt’s industry sector increased slower than process-related emissions. The industry sector remains highly reliant on fossil fuels, with about three quarters of the energy mix supplied by fossil fuels (37% natural gas, 25% oil and e-fuels, and 15% coal in 2019). Across analysed pathways, electrification increases from about a quarter of the industrial energy mix in 2019 to 26-32% by 2030 and 59-70% by 2050, for most ambitious scenarios. Fossil fuels remain in the mix, but coal is largely phased out around 2030-2035. Within the industry sector, fertilizer production is the largest energy consumer in Egypt. On October 2021, the Sovereign Wealth Fund of Egypt signed an agreement for a green ammonia plant that utilises green hydrogen feedstock and renewable energy.
While some models indicate that process-related emissions could reach zero emissions before 2040 at the earliest, this would require investments in innovation and R&D in the sector to drive the decarbonisation of the harder-to-abate process-related emissions.
Egypt's industry sector direct CO₂ emissions (of energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the industry sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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Egypt's GHG emissions from industrial processes
MtCO₂e/yr
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Graph description
1.5°C compatible CO₂ emissions pathways. This is presented through a set of illustrative pathways and a 1.5°C compatible range for total CO₂ emissions excl. LULUCF. The 1.5°C compatible range is based on global cost-effective pathways assessed by the IPCC SR1.5, defined by the 5th and 5th percentiles.
Data References
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1.5°C compatible industry sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions, shares of electricity, and combined shares of electricity, hydrogen and biomass from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Egypt
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
Decarbonised industry sector by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
54
|
18 to
28
|
8 to
8
|
3 to
4
|
2045 to
2050
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
-67 to
-49%
|
-86 to
-85%
|
-95 to
-93%
|
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
per cent
|
23
|
26 to
32
|
47 to
52
|
59 to
70
|
|
Share of electricity, hydrogren and biomass
per cent
|
23
|
37 to
49
|
57 to
64
|
65 to
85
|
Fuel share provided refers to energy demand only from the industry sector. BECCS are the only Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies considered in these benchmarks.
Only direct CO₂ emissions are considered (electricity, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here; see power sector for emissions from electricity generation). All values are rounded. Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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