What is Egypt's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Buildings
In Egypt, the building sector (direct emissions) accounted for 5% of total emissions in 2019. These emissions have increased by 74% from 1990 to 2019 due to growing energy demand; however, emissions intensity has declined by 42% over the same period due to the increasing share of electrified buildings. Fossil fuel use in the building sector, primarily from oils and e-fuels (26% in 2019) and natural gas (17%), has increased in absolute terms, but was overtaken by electricity in 2005 as the main source of energy for buildings.
Egypt's energy mix in the buildings sector
petajoule per year
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the buildings sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC SR1.5 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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All of the analysed pathways show an immediate decline in building sector emissions. Full decarbonisation of the sector is reached between 2038 and 2045. Globally all buildings should be fully decarbonised by 2050.1
Declining direct emissions in the analysed pathways are driven by increasing electrification of the building sector from just over half of building sector energy in 2019 to 72-74% by 2030 and 94-95% by 2050, for the most ambitious scenarios.2 Increased electrification will drive decarbonisation of the sector only through decarbonisation of the power sector (see power sector) Fossils fuels needs to be phased out as early as 2035 to 2040, to align with a 1.5°C pathway. The only scenario that does not see a significant phase down of fossil fuels by 2060 assumes a high reliance on CDR approaches, likely due to high up-front investments costs and not yet proven at scale.
Decarbonising the building sector will require significant efforts to electrify the sector, as energy demand is expected to grow, which will need to be supported by policies to develop and improve current grid infrastructure. Egypt has adopted mandatory energy efficiency codes for buildings; however, the government enforcement mechanisms have not been effective in getting these implemented.
Egypt's buildings sector direct CO₂ emissions (of energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the buildings sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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1.5°C compatible buildings sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions and shares of electricity, heat and hydrogen in the buildings final energy demand from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Egypt
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
Decarbonised buildings sector by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
17
|
12 to
12
|
0 to
7
|
0 to
3
|
2038 to
2045
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
-31 to
-30%
|
-97 to
-57%
|
-100 to
-83%
|
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
per cent
|
51
|
72 to
74
|
88 to
93
|
94 to
95
|
|
Share of heat
per cent
|
0
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
1
|
0 to
1
|
|
Share of hydrogen
per cent
|
0
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
1
|
All values are rounded. Only direct CO₂ emissions are considered (electricity, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here; see power sector for emissions from electricity generation). Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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