What is Türkiye's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Buildings
Decarbonising the building sector
Türkiye’s buildings sector accounted for 12% of total emissions in 2022. This is due to the sector’s reliance on fossil fuels, with gas meeting 50% of energy demand, and coal and oil meeting a further 10%. Electricity met 30% of sector’s demand in 2022, and biomass 4%. Fossil gas is primarily used for heating, whereas electricity tends to be used for lighting and electrical appliances.1 As renewables ramp up, a focus on increasing buildings’ electrification will be critical to aligning the sector with 1.5°C.
Türkiye's energy mix in the buildings sector
petajoule per year
Fuel shares refer only to energy demand of the sector. Deployment of synthetic fuels is not represented in these pathways.
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the buildings sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC AR6 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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All pathways show an increase in the share of electricity combined with strong energy efficiency measures to bring the buildings sector in line with 1.5°C. The Deep Electrification pathway sees energy demand fall by 19% by 2030 and 25% by 2040 compared to 2022 levels, while in others it falls even further.
The Deep Electrification pathway’s higher energy demand (relative to other pathways) is mitigated by deeper electrification, to be supported by a faster renewables rollout. By 2030, buildings’ sector electrification would account for 43% of the energy demand, with this share rising to 72% by 2040. This is relatively similar to other pathways in terms of share, though absolute generation from electricity is higher in the Deep Electrification pathway.
Türkiye has huge potential to integrate rooftop solar into its buildings stock, with potential capacity at over 120 GW.2 Rooftop solar not only cuts household bills but also takes pressure off the grid when paired with battery technologies. Support to ease the initial investment can have a significant effect on buildings emissions.
Retrofitting Türkiye’s buildings stock – much of which has poor insulation – and rolling out heat pumps are a feasible way to support Turkish households to reduce both their emissions and energy bills.3
Türkiye's buildings sector direct CO₂ emissions (from energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the buildings sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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1.5°C compatible buildings sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions and shares of electricity, heat and biomass in the buildings final energy demand from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Türkiye
| Indicator |
2022
|
2030
|
2035
|
2040
|
2050
|
Buildings sector decarbonised by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
62
|
26 to
33
|
18 to
26
|
7 to
14
|
1 to
4
|
2043 to
2049
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
-58 to
-47%
|
-71 to
-58%
|
-89 to
-77%
|
-98 to
-94%
|
| Indicator |
2022
|
2030
|
2035
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
%
|
30
|
40 to
43
|
51 to
53
|
66 to
72
|
82 to
88
|
|
Share of heat
%
|
5
|
4 to
6
|
4 to
7
|
4 to
9
|
4 to
9
|
|
Share of hydrogen
%
|
0
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
0
|
All values are rounded. Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector analysis, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here). All values are rounded. Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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