What is Bosnia and Herzegovina's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Buildings
Most residential buildings in BiH are detached single-family homes, which predominantly rely on solid fuel furnaces for heating.1 The emissions from the buildings sector in BiH increased by 128% between 1990 and 2019, from 0.29 MtCO₂e to 0.67 MtCO₂e. This emissions growth was mainly driven by the sector’s energy demand which increased by 236% during the same period, from 26 PJ in 1990 to about 87 PJ in 2019.
Bosnia and Herzegovina's energy mix in the buildings sector
petajoule per year
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the buildings sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC SR1.5 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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A slower increase in emissions than in energy consumption indicates a decrease in emissions intensity, which fell from 11 gCO₂/MJ in 1990 to less than 8 gCO₂/MJ in 2019. This broadly follows the development of the sector’s energy mix: the share of electricity in the energy mix increased to 65% in 2002, after which it was displaced by district heating starting in 2008, and coal starting in 2009. By 2019, the share of electricity had fallen to just below 30% of the energy mix, and biomass became more prevalent, reaching 55% as people started to rely more on wood-burning stoves in their homes.
To align with 1.5°C pathways, Bosnia would need to increase electrification of the buildings sector to 57-58% by 2030 and 69-78% by 2050. Fossil and synthetic fuels play a decreasing role in all scenarios in 2050 and beyond, with coal almost completely phased out by that date. In all but the low energy demand scenario, biomass continues to play a significant role in 2050, exceeding 10% of the energy mix.
Since approximately 58% of the total energy consumption in BiH is consumed by residential buildings,2 the country would benefit from prioritising electrification and energy efficiency improvements through renovations. However, BiH currently only has policies related to the renovation of public and government buildings.3 There are no targeted renovation support schemes or incentives for residential and private buildings.
Bosnia and Herzegovina's buildings sector direct CO₂ emissions (of energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the buildings sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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1.5°C compatible buildings sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions and shares of electricity, heat and hydrogen in the buildings final energy demand from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Bosnia and Herzegovina
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
Decarbonised buildings sector by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
1
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
0
|
0 to
0
|
2025 to
2028
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
0 to
0%
|
0 to
0%
|
0 to
0%
|
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
per cent
|
30
|
57 to
58
|
65 to
70
|
69 to
78
|
|
Share of heat
per cent
|
6
|
11 to
13
|
9 to
15
|
13 to
16
|
|
Share of hydrogen
per cent
|
0
|
2 to
16
|
13 to
18
|
18 to
25
|
All values are rounded. Only direct CO₂ emissions are considered (electricity, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here; see power sector for emissions from electricity generation). Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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