What is Israel's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Transport
Emissions from the Israeli transport sector rose by 126% between 1990 and 2019. The growth can be attributed to a continued dominance of fossil fuel vehicles alongside a large increase in private car ownership.1
Israel's energy mix in the transport sector
petajoule per year
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the transport sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC SR1.5 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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To put the sector on a 1.5°C compatible pathway, it needs to move from the dependence on oil towards electrification. While models provide a conservative deployment of electricity in the region, by 2030, the share of electricity in transport could be between 2–13%, increasing to 43–63% by 2050. Depending on the pathway, hydrogen can supplement electrification. The share of biofuels is expected to remain small until 2030, accounting for 1–3% of the energy mix. However, the biofuel share could grow to 11–29% by 2050 under 1.5°C compatible pathways.
As a small and densely populated country, Israel has significant potential to uptake electric vehicles (EVs) as the necessary charging infrastructure can be rolled out relatively quickly. The government has announced that 100% of new car sales must be EVs from 2030, an ambitious and commendable goal.2 Alongside the increase in the number of EVs, significant investments in public transport are needed to decarbonise the transport sector.
Israel's transport sector direct CO₂ emissions (of energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the transport sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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1.5°C compatible transport sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions and shares of electricity, biofuels and hydrogen in the transport final energy demand from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Israel
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
Decarbonised transport sector by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
18
|
10 to
12
|
7 to
8
|
2 to
6
|
2055 to
2066
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
-44 to
-32%
|
-64 to
-54%
|
-92 to
-67%
|
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
per cent
|
0
|
2 to
13
|
17 to
39
|
43 to
63
|
|
Share of biofuels
per cent
|
0
|
1 to
3
|
7 to
7
|
11 to
29
|
|
Share of hydrogen
per cent
|
0
|
0 to
16
|
4 to
47
|
25 to
57
|
All values are rounded. Only direct CO₂ emissions are considered (electricity, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here; see power sector for emissions from electricity generation). Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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