What is Namibia's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Transport
As of 2019, Namibia’s transport mix is based entirely on imported fossil fuels.1
Namibia's energy mix in the transport sector
petajoule per year
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the transport sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC SR1.5 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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Namibia’s sparsely populated but large landmass necessitates long-distance travel between population centres, with road use dominating rail transport. Public transport is a substantial proportion of road travel. The sector contributed 13% of CO₂ emissions in 2017. Even so, direct emissions from transport amounted to just over 2 MtCO₂ in 2019.
Stated mitigation efforts in this sector include increasing the rail network coverage from 230 km in 2021 to 360 km by 2030, a carbon tax,2,3 a cap on new private vehicle ownership from 2018, fuel efficiency measures applied to 80% of cars and light duty vehicles, and switching from diesel to hydrogen.4
Our analysis suggests that to fully decarbonise the sector by around 2050, the current reliance on fossil fuels would need to end. The illustrative 1.5°C pathways analysed indicate an increase in the share of electricity, hydrogen and biomass-derived liquid fuels would be needed by 2030.
Across analysed 1.5°C pathways, Namibia moves away from its 100% oil-based transport sector and increases the share of electricity in the sector to 6-21% by 2030 and 25-43% by 2050. Hydrogen also increases to up to 1-23% by 2030 and 54-56% by 2050.
Namibia's transport sector direct CO₂ emissions (of energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the transport sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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1.5°C compatible transport sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions and shares of electricity, biofuels and hydrogen in the transport final energy demand from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Namibia
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
Decarbonised transport sector by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
2
|
2 to
2
|
1 to
1
|
0 to
0
|
2047 to
2050
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
-24 to
-10%
|
-59 to
-58%
|
-100 to
-83%
|
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
per cent
|
0
|
6 to
21
|
17 to
36
|
25 to
43
|
|
Share of biofuels
per cent
|
0
|
2 to
11
|
4 to
59
|
10 to
62
|
|
Share of hydrogen
per cent
|
0
|
1 to
23
|
34 to
52
|
54 to
56
|
All values are rounded. Only direct CO₂ emissions are considered (electricity, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here; see power sector for emissions from electricity generation). Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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