What is Switzerland's pathway to limit global warming to 1.5°C?
Industry
Energy-related GHG emissions from Switzerland’s industry sector have fallen considerably since 1990, declining by 32% by 2020, with most of this decline occurring in the last decade.1 This has primarily been achieved through fuel switching, with coal and oil demand falling by 74% and 60% respectively between 1990 and 2020, largely replaced with gas and biomass. Process emissions, in contrast, have risen slightly since 1990, driven higher by a steep increase in the use of HFCs, more than offsetting a one third reduction in emissions from cement production over this time.
Switzerland's energy mix in the industry sector
petajoule per year
Fuel share provided refers to energy demand only from the industry sector.
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Graph description
Energy mix composition in the industry sector in consumption (EJ) and shares (%) for the years 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on selected IPCC SR1.5 global least costs pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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Switzerland’s main policy tool for reducing industry sector emissions is its CO₂ Act, which includes a CO₂ levy on heating and process fuels and the Swiss emissions trading system (ETS). Several key non-CO₂ emissions are not covered by the Act, however, and are targeted separately, including provisions targeting F-gases.2 The Swiss ETS was linked to the EU’s much larger system in January 2020, and since then, allowance prices have risen considerably, roughly in line with rising EU ETS allowance prices after trending far below them between 2018 and 2020.3
To align with 1.5°C pathways, Swiss direct industry emissions would need to fall by more than a third below 2019 levels by 2030, and the sector should be completely decarbonised between 2040 and 2050. In addition, the industry electrification rate should increase to at least 50% by 2030.
Switzerland's industry sector direct CO₂ emissions (of energy demand)
MtCO₂/yr
Direct CO₂ emissions only are considered (see power sector for electricity related emissions, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here).
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Graph description
Direct CO₂ emissions of the industry sector in selected 1.5°C compatible pathways.
Methodology
Data References
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Switzerland's GHG emissions from industrial processes
MtCO₂e/yr
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Graph description
1.5°C compatible CO₂ emissions pathways. This is presented through a set of illustrative pathways and a 1.5°C compatible range for total CO₂ emissions excl. LULUCF. The 1.5°C compatible range is based on global cost-effective pathways assessed by the IPCC SR1.5, defined by the 5th and 5th percentiles.
Data References
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1.5°C compatible industry sector benchmarks
Direct CO₂ emissions, shares of electricity, and combined shares of electricity, hydrogen and biomass from illustrative 1.5°C pathways for Switzerland
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
Decarbonised industry sector by
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct CO₂ emissions
MtCO₂/yr
|
5
|
3 to
3
|
1 to
1
|
0 to
0
|
2042 to
2048
|
|
Relative to reference year in %
|
-49 to
-35%
|
-79 to
-75%
|
-94 to
-93%
|
| Indicator |
2019
|
2030
|
2040
|
2050
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Share of electricity
per cent
|
43
|
50 to
54
|
67 to
69
|
74 to
74
|
|
Share of electricity, hydrogren and biomass
per cent
|
50
|
58 to
68
|
70 to
85
|
77 to
86
|
Fuel share provided refers to energy demand only from the industry sector. BECCS are the only Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies considered in these benchmarks.
Only direct CO₂ emissions are considered (electricity, hydrogen and heat emissions are not considered here; see power sector for emissions from electricity generation). All values are rounded. Year of full decarbonisation is based on carbon intenstiy threshold of 5gCO₂/MJ.
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Methodology
Data References
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